Blog article
5 ways to reduce your risk of developing prostate problems
A gland found only in males, the prostate is a walnut-sized gland at the bottom of the bladder that has an important role in semen production.1
There are three main conditions that can affect the prostate: enlargement, cancer and prostatitis (inflammation).1
Unfortunately, as men age, the risk of prostate problems increases. Thankfully, there’s plenty you can do to keep your prostate healthy. HBF Medical Director, Dr. Andy Papa-Adams explains…
The three types of prostate problems
Prostate enlargement (benign prostatic hyperplasia, BPH): A non-cancerous increase in the size of the prostate gland. This condition is common as men age and occurs when the prostate grows larger, which can squeeze or obstruct the urethra (which passes through the middle of the prostate).2
Prostate cancer: A malignant tumour that develops in the prostate gland. In Australia, it’s the most commonly diagnosed cancer in men, affecting up to 1 in 7 men by the age of 75. For most men, prostate cancer grows slowly and may not show symptoms in its early stages, but it can spread to other parts of the body if not treated.3
Prostatitis: The inflammation of the prostate gland. Prostatitis can present as either acute or chronic. Acute prostatitis is caused by sudden bacterial infection while chronic prostatitis has no infection.
Symptoms of prostate problems
Prostate enlargement (benign prostatic hyperplasia, BPH): Frequent urination, difficulty starting urination, weak urine flow, and incomplete bladder emptying.2
Prostate cancer: Similar symptoms as BPH, in addition to blood in the urine or semen; pain in the back, hips, pelvis and/or chest; and unexplained weight loss. If you ever have any of these symptoms, it’s important to see your GP as soon as possible.4
Prostatitis: Acute prostatitis is a sudden bacterial infection leading to severe symptoms like fever, chills, pain in the lower abdomen, and urinary problems. Chronic prostatitis may cause ongoing pain or discomfort in the pelvic area and urinary symptoms (just without a clear bacterial cause).1
4 ways to manage your diet and nutrition using private health insurance
5 ways to reduce the risk of prostate problems
Short of reversing the process of ageing, the best way to prevent prostate problems is to maintain good general health by watching your diet, exercising regularly, reducing your alcohol intake, and quitting smoking. Here are Dr. Andy's expert tips to reduce your risk of prostate problems:
Diet: The Australian Government recommends consistently eating a balanced diet with a variety of at least five serves of vegetables, two serves of fruit, grains, lean meats, and a small amount of dairy every day.5
Consider placing a special focus on lycopene, an antioxidant found in red and orange foods such as tomatoes, watermelons, and carrots, with research suggesting that it may reduce the progression and growth of prostate cancer cells; and citrus fruit, with research suggesting there is an association with a lower prostate cancer risk.6,7
Exercise: Physical activity is associated both with reducing the risk of developing BPH, and, if BPH is diagnosed, reducing associated symptoms.8 Aim for at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity activity per week with strength training two times per week.9
Weight management: Maintaining a healthy weight may help reduce the risk of prostate cancer.10
Smoking: In those diagnosed with prostate cancer, smokers are at higher risk of the cancer coming back and spreading, and at higher risk of death compared with non-smokers. If you are a smoker the best way to lower your risk is to quit.11
Alcohol: A high alcohol intake is associated with many cancers.12 To reduce your risk, it’s important to limit alcohol intake to 10 standard drinks per week and no more than 4 standard drinks in one day. Alcohol consumption has also been directly linked with cancer progression and associated with an increased rate of death.13
I think I may have an issue with my prostate – what do I do?
If you have any symptoms potentially related to your prostate, the first step is to see your GP. They will most likely ask you to get a blood test to measure your PSA levels and perform a prostate examination.
In some cases, the GP may refer you to a specialist urologist (a doctor who deals with prostate and other urinary tract conditions) who may perform a biopsy of the prostate to get more information and guide treatment.
7 tips for creating new habits – and sticking to them
How HBF can help
With Basic Hospital Plus Elevate cover and above, you’re eligible for the investigation and treatment of the male reproductive system including the prostate. For example, procedures like sterilisation and circumcision and surgical treatment for prostate cancer.*
